Turning round 3-phase induction motors (forward / reverse) - 3-phase induction motor is the motor of the most popular or the most widely used in the propulsion machinery in the industry. Such as driving on the pumps, conveyors, compressors, blowers, and others. It was probably due to the induction motor has several advantages not shared by the motors of other types, such as; kontruksinya simple, durable, easy to maintain, and have a high efficiency. However, this article does not address the overall induction motor. This article will only discuss a little about how to reverse the three-phase induction motor rotation.
To reverse the direction of rotation of 3-phase induction motor is by reversing the polarity of one of the incoming voltage to the motor. try to look at the picture below.
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| Turning round 3-phase induction motors (forward / reverse) |
In the picture above shows that the motor will rotate to the right (forward) if the terminal winding / winding motor receives voltage RST with R connected with U, S connected to V and T connected with W. And the motor will rotate in the opposite direction (reverse) if terminal winding motor receives voltage RST with R connected with U, S connected with the W and T are connected to the voltage V. in other words RST reversed into RTS. Reversing the polarity others can also, like R with S or R to T.
To change or reverse the polarity of the voltage that is typically used RST control circuit is a series of mechanical and magnetic contactors. And as motorcycle safety also mounted motor protection (thermal overload). Note the main diagram drawing / power forward following reverse.
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| Forward reverse power circuit. K1 ON (forward), K2 IN (reverse) |
The figure shows that the motor will rotate to the right (forward), if K1 works. Currently working contactor 1, the voltage RST will go to the motor sequentially. And the picture above also explains that the motor will rotate to the left (reverse), if K2 (contactor 2) work. K2 works when the RST incoming voltage polarity reversed kemotor will be TSR. (See picture above) .and what happens is the motor will rotate to the left.
To regulate or control the two contactors are needed forward reverse control circuit. And below is a control circuit diagram of the forward reverse. Consider the following picture, and understand how it works.
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Forward reverse circuit control system
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Working voltage contactor coil control circuit in the picture above is 220VAC. So that the picture above to get the power supply phase (R) and zero (N). But usually also used the contactor coil 380VAC working, so it should be given the power supply voltage line (phases). Voltage line here means R-S, R-T or S-T. This
voltage depends on the actual granting of the coil can also
kontaktornya because the coil working voltage of 100V, 200V and so on. In the picture above shows that the electric current will flow and activate K1 if on1 button is pressed. Although
on1 released K1 will remain active, this is because there interlock of
NO auxiliary contact (K1) which is mounted parallel to on1. So that the electric current flowing through the contactor coil to NO auxiliary contact (K1) is. K1 active when it means the motor rotates to the right (forward).
From
the picture above also seen the NC auxiliary contact (K1) which is
mounted in series with the coil K2, and vice versa NC auxiliary contact
(K2) mounted series coil K1 premises. NC auxiliary contacts here serves as a safety interlock. For
example, if on1 pressed and K1 active (motor rotates forward), although
ON2 pressed the electric current will not flow to the coil K2, because
NC (K1) has been opened. And
for reverse rotation (reverse), then the OFF button must be pressed in
advance, so that K1 off and ON2 button can now be pressed to activate
the coil K2. So that the motor can rotate to the left (reverse). As well as to restore the motor rotation to the forward.
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